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Trading on Identity

Are senses descriptions?

Andrea is in her office speaking on the telephone to her friend Ben. As she looks out of the window, Andrea notices a man on the street below using his mobile phone. He’s not looking where he’s going; he’s about to step out in front of a bus. Andrea does not realise that this man is Ben, the friend she is speaking to. She bangs the window and waves frantically in an attempt to warn the man, but says nothing into the phone.

\citep[adapted from][p.~439]{Richard:1983rl}

adapted from Richard, 1983 p. 439

He [‘the man on the street’] is in danger.

∴ He [‘the man I am speaking with’] is in danger.

valid-1 = the premises cannot be true unless the conclusion is true

valid-2 = knowledge of the premises suffices for knowledge of the conclusion

Since the man on the street is the man Andrea is speaking with, this inference is valid-1 but not valid-2.

Sense is that which determines whether
such inferences are valid-2
(Campbell, 1992).

‘Sense is that, sameness of which makes trading on identity legitimate, difference in which means that trading on identity is not legitimate’ (legitimate: that is, knowledge of the premises suffices for knowledge of the conclusion) \citep[p.~59]{Campbell:1997tk}.

Are senses descriptions?

I think senses are not descriptions and that we need to go back to what Rusell said about acquaintance ...